| id |
1bfbba79-02eb-4f04-a369-f0f3aa42d280 |
| user_id |
8684964a-bab1-4235-93a8-5fd5e24a1d0a |
| job_id |
ulhxaowh-0444 |
| base_model_name |
xevyo |
| base_model_path |
/home/sid/tuning/finetune/backend/output/xevyo-bas /home/sid/tuning/finetune/backend/output/xevyo-base-v1/merged_fp16_hf... |
| model_name |
pension HOW TO PRICE |
| model_desc |
HOW TO PRICE LONGEVITY SWAP |
| model_path |
/home/sid/tuning/finetune/backend/output/ulhxaowh- /home/sid/tuning/finetune/backend/output/ulhxaowh-0444/merged_fp16_hf... |
| source_model_name |
xevyo |
| source_model_path |
/home/sid/tuning/finetune/backend/output/xevyo-bas /home/sid/tuning/finetune/backend/output/xevyo-base-v1/merged_fp16_hf... |
| source_job_id |
xevyo-base-v1 |
| dataset_desc |
The article “How to Price Longevity Swaps” explain The article “How to Price Longevity Swaps” explains how pension plans and reinsurers evaluate and price longevity swaps—financial instruments used to transfer the risk of pensioners living longer than expected. It begins by outlining the growing importance of longevity risk management, especially following large pension buy-out and buy-in transactions in the U.K. and U.S. Longevity swaps serve as an alternative that transfers only longevity risk, not investment or asset risk, from pension plans to insurers or reinsurers.
The article describes how a longevity swap works: the reinsurer agrees to pay the actual pension benefits of a specified group of pensioners, while the pension plan pays fixed premiums based on expected mortality. Pricing requires three major components:
Current mortality analysis—a detailed examination of historical mortality experience, socio-economic differences, and risk factors within the pensioner portfolio.
Mortality trend assumptions—selecting and projecting future mortality improvement models, while accounting for uncertainty, model risk, cohort effects, and longevity basis risk.
Risk margin for capital—reflecting the reinsurer’s expenses and the capital required to hold longevity risk over time, often calculated using cost-of-capital methods similar to Solvency II regulations.
The article emphasizes that accurate pricing must consider portfolio heterogeneity, long-term uncertainty in mortality improvements, and the sensitivity of models to data variations. It concludes that while reinsurers possess the necessary expertise to manage longevity risk, their capacity is limited, and transferring this risk to broader capital markets may be the future—provided longevity basis risk is better understood and quantified.
If you want, I can also provide:
✅ A short 3–4 line summary
✅ A simple student-friendly version
✅ Quiz / MCQs from this file
Just tell me!... |
| dataset_meta |
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| dataset_path |
/home/sid/tuning/finetune/backend/output/ulhxaowh- /home/sid/tuning/finetune/backend/output/ulhxaowh-0444/data/ulhxaowh-0444.json... |
| training_output |
null |
| status |
queued |
| created_at |
1765222183 |
| updated_at |
1765222361 |
| source_adapter_path |
NULL |
| adapter_path |
/home/sid/tuning/finetune/backend/output/ulhxaowh- /home/sid/tuning/finetune/backend/output/ulhxaowh-0444/adapter... |
| plugged_in |
False |