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EU Union Law |
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This book, Fundamentals of European Union Law, exp This book, Fundamentals of European Union Law, explains how the European Union works from a legal point of view. It is mainly written for law students, especially beginners, to help them understand the institutions of the EU and the rules of the EU internal market. The book shows how EU law affects everyday legal systems of member states and explains the basic freedoms such as free movement of goods, persons, workers, services, and capital. It also includes references to EU treaties, regulations, directives, and important court judgments, making it useful for both academic study and practical legal work.
🧠MAIN TOPICS & EASY EXPLANATION
1. Institutional Framework of the European Union
Meaning (Easy Explanation)
The EU has its own institutions that make laws, apply them, and check whether they are followed correctly. These institutions work together but have different roles and powers.
Main EU Institutions
European Parliament
European Council
Council of the EU
European Commission
Court of Justice of the EU
European Central Bank
Court of Auditors
2. European Parliament
What it is
The only EU institution directly elected by EU citizens (every 5 years).
Key Roles
Makes laws (with the Council)
Approves EU budget
Controls other institutions
Elects the President of the Commission
Internal Structure
President
Political Groups (not nationality-based)
Parliamentary Committees
Delegations (international relations)
3. European Council
What it does
Sets political direction and priorities
Does not make laws
Members
Heads of State or Government
President of the European Council
President of the Commission
4. Council of the European Union (Council of Ministers)
Role
Law-making (with Parliament)
Policy coordination
Approves international agreements
Important Points
Ministers change depending on topic
Uses qualified majority voting or unanimity
5. European Commission
What it is
The executive body of the EU.
Main Functions
Proposes EU laws
Enforces EU law
Manages EU budget
Represents EU internationally
Important Feature
Commissioners are independent — they do not represent their home countries.
6. Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU)
Purpose
Ensures EU law is interpreted uniformly
Resolves disputes between:
Member States
EU institutions
Individuals & EU bodies
Parts
Court of Justice
General Court
Specialised Courts (e.g. Civil Service Tribunal)
7. EU Internal Market
Meaning
A system that allows free economic movement within the EU.
Four Economic Stages
Free Trade Area
Customs Union
Internal Market
Economic and Monetary Union
8. Free Movement of Goods
Core Rule
No customs duties
No quantitative restrictions
Exceptions
Public security
Health protection
Environmental protection
9. Free Movement of Persons & Workers
Rights
Right to enter another Member State
Right to live and work
Equal treatment in employment
Important Law
Directive 2004/38
Regulation 492/2011
10. Free Movement of Services & Self-Employed Persons
Covers
Freedom of establishment
Freedom to provide services
Lawyers, professionals, businesses
11. Free Movement of Capital
Meaning
Money can move freely between EU states
Important for investment and banking
12. Prohibition of Discrimination in EU Law
Types
Direct discrimination
Indirect discrimination
Harassment
Sexual harassment
Enforcement
Right to compensation
Burden of proof on discriminator
đź“ť KEY POINTS (Quick Revision)
EU law applies directly in member states
Parliament = citizens’ voice
Commission = law proposal + enforcement
Council = member states’ interests
Court ensures uniform EU law
Internal market is based on freedoms
Discrimination is strictly prohibited
âť“ POSSIBLE EXAM / REVISION QUESTIONS
Explain the institutional framework of the EU
What are the powers of the European Parliament?
Difference between European Council and Council of the EU
Role of the European Commission in legislation
What is qualified majority voting?
Explain free movement of goods
Who is considered a “worker” under EU law?
Types of discrimination in EU law
Role of the Court of Justice of the EU
Importance of the EU internal market
🎤 PRESENTATION OUTLINE (Slide-Ready)
Slide 1: Introduction to EU Law
Slide 2: EU Institutional Framework
Slide 3: European Parliament
Slide 4: European Council
Slide 5: Council of the EU
Slide 6: European Commission
Slide 7: Court of Justice of the EU
Slide 8: EU Internal Market
Slide 9: Four Freedoms
Slide 10: Anti-Discrimination Law
Slide 11: Importance of EU Law
Slide 12: Conclusion
If you want, I can:
turn this into PowerPoint slides
make very short exam notes
create MCQs
simplify it even more for non-law students
or explain only one chapter in detail
Just tell me what you need next đź‘Ś... |
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